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An early parliamentary election took place in Moldova on 29 July 2009.[1][2]
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The country's parliament, elected months earlier, was dissolved by president Vladimir Voronin on 15 June 2009,[1] after it had twice failed to elect a new president.
Before the dissolution of the parliament, the electoral threshold was lowered from 6% to 5% and the minimum participation rate was lowered from half the electorate to a third of the electorate.[3] A poll from mid-July gave the PCRM only 29.7%, with the combined opposition (including the Democratic Party of Moldova now led by PCRM defector Marian Lupu) at over 40%.[4] PCRM leader Voronin did not rule out entering into a "grand coalition" with the opposition parties if the election results were inconclusive.[5]
Five Ukrainian election observers within the European Network of Election Monitoring Organizations (ENEMO) were deported from Moldova the day before the elections. According to them out of the 140 observers from ENEMO the Central Election Commission of Moldova registered only 55.[6]
Voronin's party, the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova, gained around 45% of the vote, whilst the other four parties which won seats each gained from around 7% to 16%.[7] However, combined, the opposition parties to the Communists secured a greater percentage of the vote, and went in discussion over forming a coalition.[7] This has led some commentators to declare the election a loss for the Communists.[7][8]
A swing comparison with the results of the April 2009 Election showed the Communist Party of Moldova losing support (−4.72%) with most of the gain attributed to the Democratic Party (+9.58%), the Liberal Democratic Party (+4.12%) and the Liberal Party (+1.48%).
Other parties that recorded a loss in support include Our Moldova Alliance (−2.42%), Christian Democratic People’s Party (−1.79%), and Social Democratic Party (−1.18%).
Eight parties participated in the elections: Four which had won seats in the April elections (PCRM, PL, PLDM, PAMN), three parties which had won between three and four percent (PSD, PPCD, PDM) and the Ecologist Party of Moldova "Green Alliance", which had not participated in the April elections.
The results of the July election indicated a consolidation of the vote with fewer parties standing. In April 2009, 15.19% of voters supported minor parties below the then 7% threshold. In July only 4.16% of voters supported minor parties who fell below the 5% threshold.
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Parties and coalitions | Votes | % | +/− | Seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova | 706,732 | 44.69 | −4.79 | 48 | ||
Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova | 262,028 | 16.57 | +4.14 | 18 | ||
Liberal Party | 232,108 | 14.68 | +1.55 | 15 | ||
Democratic Party of Moldova | 198,268 | 12.54 | +9.57 | 13 | ||
Party Alliance Our Moldova | 116,194 | 7.35 | −2.42 | 7 | ||
Christian Democratic People's Party | 30,236 | 1.91 | −1.79 | — | ||
Social Democratic Party | 29,434 | 1.86 | −1.18 | — | ||
Ecologist Party of Moldova "Green Alliance" | 6,517 | 0.41 | +0.41 | — | ||
Total (turnout 58.77%) | 1,581,517 | 100.00 | — | 101 | ||
Source: alegeri.md |
Party | Seats | Moldovan Parliament after July 2009 polls | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party of Communists | 48 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liberal Dem Party | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liberal Party | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Democratic Party | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alliance Our Moldova | 7 |
Election results per district:
no | electoral district | number of registered voters | participated in the vote | % participated in the vote | valid votes | PCRM | PLD | PL | PD | AMN | PPCD | PSD | greens |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Chişinău | 618,910 | 385,179 | 62.24% | 383,344 | 41.23% | 16.89% | 23.14% | 10.55% | 5.62% | 1.15% | 0.96% | 0.47% |
2 | Bălţi | 107,163 | 57,245 | 53.42% | 56,894 | 58.16% | 12.82% | 7.64% | 15.60% | 2.87% | 1.15% | 1.33% | 0.43% |
3 | Găgăuzia | 103,517 | 57,690 | 55.73% | 57,276 | 77.78% | 1.28% | 0.43% | 5.88% | 3.73% | 0.69% | 9.87% | 0.35% |
4 | Anenii Noi | 70,140 | 39,649 | 56.53% | 39,402 | 47.92% | 18.04% | 14.26% | 11.05% | 5.13% | 2.11% | 1.08% | 0.41% |
5 | Basarabeasca | 17,098 | 12,560 | 73.46% | 12,481 | 52.05% | 13.25% | 5.50% | 10.49% | 7.59% | 1.22% | 9.26% | 0.64% |
6 | Briceni | 58,089 | 35,468 | 61.06% | 35,207 | 57.61% | 9.60% | 7.27% | 14.63% | 7.09% | 2.08% | 1.32% | 0.41% |
7 | Cahul | 92,173 | 53,594 | 58.15% | 53,303 | 38.36% | 23.52% | 15.89% | 10.66% | 7.69% | 2.37% | 1.20% | 0.32% |
8 | Cantemir | 43,480 | 25,761 | 59.25% | 25,596 | 40.81% | 24.93% | 11.04% | 10.07% | 9.79% | 1.74% | 1.13% | 0.48% |
9 | Călăraşi | 60,966 | 34,020 | 55.80% | 33,794 | 32.10% | 17.59% | 19.71% | 10.02% | 16.35% | 2.25% | 1.49% | 0.49% |
10 | Căuşeni | 69,108 | 39,285 | 56.85% | 39,041 | 44.26% | 12.46% | 12.12% | 8.91% | 16.78% | 3.78% | 1.29% | 0.39% |
11 | Cimişlia | 44,665 | 25,686 | 57.51% | 25,541 | 43.98% | 16.51% | 9.33% | 16.10% | 10.50% | 1.81% | 1.41% | 0.37% |
12 | Criuleni | 57,324 | 34,331 | 59.89% | 34,069 | 34.23% | 16.85% | 20.11% | 13.29% | 11.18% | 2.92% | 1.04% | 0.38% |
13 | Donduşeni | 33,223 | 21,378 | 64.35% | 21,199 | 58.94% | 10.08% | 5.57% | 14.16% | 3.91% | 3.72% | 3.26% | 0.37% |
14 | Drochia | 67,723 | 39,324 | 58.07% | 39,055 | 49.69% | 16.22% | 8.57% | 16.28% | 5.13% | 2.03% | 1.71% | 0.36% |
15 | Dubăsari | 25,286 | 16,230 | 64.19% | 16,099 | 67.92% | 8.55% | 7.51% | 8.68% | 4.55% | 1.57% | 0.82% | 0.40% |
16 | Edineţ | 64,123 | 38,219 | 59.60% | 37,938 | 57.29% | 8.15% | 4.82% | 18.34% | 6.98% | 1.37% | 2.78% | 0.27% |
17 | Făleşti | 71,198 | 39,507 | 55.49% | 39,230 | 52.09% | 13.65% | 7.55% | 17.14% | 4.57% | 2.36% | 2.32% | 0.34% |
18 | Floreşti | 68,643 | 42,202 | 61.48% | 41,761 | 54.39% | 17.55% | 4.90% | 15.30% | 4.82% | 1.62% | 1.07% | 0.34% |
19 | Glodeni | 46,981 | 25,916 | 55.16% | 25,727 | 47.72% | 18.90% | 8.43% | 13.44% | 7.59% | 1.71% | 1.87% | 0.34% |
20 | Hînceşti | 89,494 | 50,604 | 56.54% | 50,265 | 33.00% | 28.05% | 14.12% | 16.48% | 5.15% | 1.75% | 1.15% | 0.30% |
21 | Ialoveni | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
22 | Leova | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
23 | Nisporeni | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
24 | Ocniţa | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
25 | Orhei | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
26 | Rezina | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
27 | Rîşcani | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
28 | Sîngerei | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
29 | Soroca | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
30 | Străşeni | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
31 | Şoldăneşti | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
32 | Ştefan Vodă | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
33 | Taraclia | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
34 | Teleneşti | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||
35 | Ungheni | 85,655 | 48,368 | 56.47% | 48,007 | 46.68% | 14.52% | 12.96% | 12.96% | 7.5% | 1.78% | 2.64% | 0.35% |
36 | at diplomatic missions | 36,429 | 17,544 | 48.16% | 17,482 | 8.49% | 32.12% | 43.78% | 5.88% | 5.75% | 2.51% | 1.00% | 0.46% |
Total | 2,708,381 | 1,591,757 | 58.77% | 1,581,517 | 44.69% | 16.57% | 14.68% | 12.54% | 7.35% | 1.91 | 1.86% | 0.41% |
The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, which was observing the election, said that whilst evidence had been found of "subtle intimidation and media bias", it concluded that major electoral fraud did not occur.[8]
After the results had been announced, Voronin acknowledged that there had been a swing in the popular vote against his party, and said he wants a "principled dialogue with all the political forces."[8] Neither the Communists nor the opposition parties combined has the three-fifths of parliament, 61 seats, necessary to elect a new president without gaining the support of some members of the other side.[8]
Michael Schwirtz of the New York Times described the reason why the Communists did not gain a majority of the vote as unknown, though said it could be down to the defection of Marian Lupu, a former parliamentary speaker, from the Communists to the Democratic Party of Moldova, which won 13 seats in this election.[9] Lupu has been suggested as the next president.[7]
On August 8, 2009, four Moldovan parties – Liberal Democratic Party, Liberal Party, Democratic Party, and Our Moldova Alliance – agreed to create a governing coalition that will push the Communist party into opposition. The name of the coalition is Alliance for European Integration.
Political forces | Seats | Moldovan Parliament seats after July 2009 polls | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alliance for European Integration | 53 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Party of Communists | 48 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PCRM (48) · PLDM (18) · PL (15) · PDM (13) · AMN (7) |
The first election attempt on 10 November failed, as the PCRM boycotted the election. The second round was set for 7 December, and failed as well, with the same voting result. The early election were held on 28 November 2010, as the constitution forbids a second early election in the same year.
The list of deputies elected in the 29 July 2009 parliamentary elections:
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On December 15, 2009, Communist MPs Vladimir Ţurcan, Victor Stepaniuc, Ludmila Belcencova, and Valentin Guznac left the Party of Communists' parliamentary faction, on grounds that the concerned group of lawmakers did not agree with the latest decisions by the PCRM's leadership. On March 17, 2010, Svetlana Popa left the Party of Communists' parliamentary faction.
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